https://roman-gardens.github.io/id/b8e9675005/Recent content in Smyrna on Gardens of the Roman EmpireHugoen-usThu, 01 Oct 2026 10:51:43 -0400https://roman-gardens.github.io/id/65c7333dd1/Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://roman-gardens.github.io/id/65c7333dd1/<h2 id="dates">Dates</h2> <p>fourth or fifth century CE</p> <h2 id="excavation-dates">Excavation Dates</h2> <p>unspecified</p> <h2 id="garden-description">Garden Description</h2> <p>A reused rectangular marble block from Smyrna housed since the middle of the eighteenth century in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford records, in a secondary text carved lengthwise on the underside of the stone, the funerary donation of a garden (<em>kepos</em>) by a notary (<em>sumbolaiographon</em>) Ioannes, the son of Rufinus, from Smyrna, to his grandson Theodorus. The text, which is framed by Christian crosses, evidently dates from the period after Constantine, probably to the fourth or fifth century CE (<a href="https://epigraphy.packhum.org/text/255839?hs=103-121" target="_blank">Smyrna 898</a>).</p> <!-- ## Maps <figure> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/roman-gardens/gre-images/main/content/place/asia/smyrna/filename.jpg" alt="" onclick="fullscreen(this)"> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> --> <!-- ## Plans <figure> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/roman-gardens/gre-images/main/content/place/asia/smyrna/filename.jpg" alt="" onclick="fullscreen(this)"> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> --> <!-- ## Images <figure> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/roman-gardens/gre-images/main/content/place/asia/smyrna/filename.jpg" alt="" onclick="fullscreen(this)"> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> --> <h2 id="bibliography">Bibliography</h2> <ul> <li>Chandler, R. 1763. <em>Marmora Oxoniensia</em>. Oxford, II 39,2. <a href="https://archive.org/details/gri_33125011694565/page/72/mode/2up" target="_blank">(Archive.org)</a></li> <li>Petzl, G. 1982. <em>Die Inschriften von Smyrna. Teil 1: Grabinschriften, postume Ehrungen, Grabepigramme. Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien</em> 23. Bonn. <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/929279106" target="_blank">(worldcat)</a></li> </ul> <h2 id="keywords">Keywords</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://roman-gardens.github.io/search/?q=marble">marble (rock)</a> (<a class="id" target="_blank" href="http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011443" title="Art and Architecture Thesaurus (Getty)">AAT:300011443</a>) </li> <li> <a href="https://roman-gardens.github.io/search/?q=inscriptions">inscriptions</a> (<a class="id" target="_blank" href="http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300028702" title="Art and Architecture Thesaurus (Getty)">AAT:300028702</a>) </li> </ul> <!-- ## Places places containing this garden will be listed automatically - Smyrna (<a class="id" target="_blank" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550893" title="Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places">Pleiades:550893</a>) - (<a class="id" target="_blank" href="http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn" title="Thesaurus of Geographic Names (Getty)">TGN:</a>) <br> -->