Gardens of the Roman Empire

VIII.4.12-13. Shop-House

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

Garden Description

These two shops, excavated in 1861, shared a house and a garden (a) to the back. A portico enclosed the garden on all four sides. In the southwest corner of the garden there was a masonry pool with a small water jet column in the center. A bronze basin 0.40 m. dia. with a miniature bronze lion fitted with a water jet was found on the right side of the peristyle, with the feet of the basin welded in the form of a ring. This was also the area where a fragment of the head of a statuette was found, and a marble monopodium was discovered nearby. Along the edge of the eastern half of the garden seven enormous dolia were embedded in the soil.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Places

Excavation Dates

1861

Bibliography

Breton, Pompeia, 3rd ed. p. 470 (worldcat)
Dohl, Plastik aus Pompeji, p. 44 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Giornale degli scavi di Pompei (1861), pp. 351-352, 367 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 5 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 340 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, p. 213 (worldcat)
Lugebil, Bullettino dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica (1861), p. 237 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)

VIII.4.15. House of C. Cornelius Rufus; House of C. Cornelius Adiutor

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

Garden Description

Eighteen partially fluted columns supported the large portico (a) surrounding this spacious peristyle garden. Excavated in 1861, the garden was located at the rear of the tablinum and could be viewed from the large triclinium on the east or the exedra on the west. A wooden fence had enclosed the garden as evidenced by the vertical slots in the columns where the fence had been secured. The portico held two puteals, one marble and the other travertine. A gutter circled the garden and at the south end a pool 0.90 x 1.05 m.; 0.18 m. deep contained a fountain. There was also a fountain located in the atrium, which became a common house feature after the completion of the aquaduct. At the edge of the marble impluvium two ornate trapezophori flanked a round opening containing the bronze water key that controlled the water jet in the center of the impluvium.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Images

Fig. 13, 11.10.59 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Places

Excavation Dates

Unspecified

Bibliography

Breton, Pompeia, 3rd ed. pp. 471-472 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 6 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 342 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, pp. 213-214 (worldcat)
Lugebil, Bullettino dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica (1861), p. 238 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)
Pernice, Hellenistische Tische, Zisternenmundungen, Beckenuntersatze, Altare und Truhen, pp. 1, 24, 28, 37 and fig. 1 on p. 2. (worldcat)

VIII.4.26-29. Bakery and House of Felix

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

porticoes AAT:300004145

Garden Description

Directly across from the Temple of Isis was an entryway to this garden (a) which was located to the rear of the house. On the east there was a portico with two columns and high up on the north wall there was an arched niche.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Images

Fig.14, 14.22.59 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Places

Excavation Dates

Unspecified

Bibliography

Boyce, Corpus of the Lararia of Pompeii, Memoris of the American Academy in Rome (1937), p. 76, no. 363 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 7 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 343 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, p. 214 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)

VIII.4.30.

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

Garden Description

This tiny house with the small atrium and adjacent rooms had formerly been a porticoed garden, part of house 15 according to Fiorelli.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Places

Excavation Dates

Unspecified

Bibliography

Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, pp.7-8 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, pp. 343-345 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, p. 214 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)

VIII.4.33.

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

porticoes AAT:300004145

Garden Description

This garden (a) was tucked around the right end of a long fauces which led from the street. The garden was enclosed by a low wall and a gutter on the north and west and a narrow portico with one column on the north. A cistern opening was built into the wall on the west. Two marble heads 0.16 m. high were found; one of yellow marble and bearded, with horns and an ivy crown, and the second of white marble with an ivy crown but beardless. They were of the type that is mounted on posts as garden ornaments and were uncovered in the room at the rear of the portico.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Images

Fig. 15, 9.34.59 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Places

Excavation Dates

Unspecified

Bibliography

Dohl, Plastik aus Pompeji, p. 45 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 8 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 342 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Giornale degli scavi di Pompei (1861), p. 382 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, p. 214 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)

VIII.4.4. House of M. Holconius Rufus; House of Q. Postumius Modestus and Q. Postumius Proculus

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

Garden Description

The earthquake most likely was the reason the corner columns were reinforced by pillars on this portico which originally had an upper gallery or loggia. This portico surrounded an elegant garden (a) which was excavated in 1861. The northeast corner had a wall between the columns; the rest of the columns were connected by a wooden fence. Fig. 10, 8.17.78 A water jet in the center of the garden spouted from a round marble table on a column into a pool 1.40 x 1.55 m.; 1.35 m. deep. The pool had eight iron hooks which Fiorelli suggested were for securing food items that could be kept cool by the flowing water and the shade provided by surrounding trees and shrubs. A marble monopodium was found in the northwest corner of the garden amidst the plantings. Visible across the length of the garden from the street entrance was the marble fountain statuette of a boy with a duck under his arm holding a vase in his right hand from which water cascaded down marble water steps into a channel. A channel around the perimeter of the garden caught the water that sprung from bronze pipes concealed in the columns at a height of about 1.25 m. from ground level. An excellent view of the garden could be enjoyed from the rooms on each side including the large exedra on the south, and on the southeast, the wide portico could have been used as a summer triclinium. The graffiti in this house included a notation of the purchase of sale of 200 lbs. of hog's lard and 250 bunches of garlic in July: IIX ID IVLIAS AXVNGIA P CC/ ALIV (m) MANVPLOS CCL (CIL IV. 2070) scratched on the right wall. The corner pillar of the portico counseled: MORAM SI QVARES / SPARGE MILIV (m) ET COL/ LIGE (CIL IV. 2069), if you want to waste time, scatter millet and then pick it up.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Images

Fig. 10, 8.17.78 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Fig. 11, 11.12.59 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Fig. 12, 11.13.59 (Stanley Jashemski, Jashemski Archives, University of Maryland)

Places

Excavation Dates

1861

Bibliography

Breton, Pompeia, 3rd ed. pp. 461-464 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Giornale degli scavi di Pompei (1861), pp. 46-47, 345, 350 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, pp. 2-3 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, pp. 334-335 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, p. 212 (worldcat)
Minervini, Bullettino archeologico italiano (1861), p. 53 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 66 (worldcat)
Overbeck and Mau, Pompeji in seinen Gebäuden, Altertümern und Kunstwerken, pp. 293-294 and fig. 162(plan) on p. 290 (worldcat)
Pernice, Hellenistische Tische, Zisternenmundungen, Beckenuntersatze, Altare und Truhen, pp. 49-50 and pl. 32.4 (worldcat)

VIII.4.9. House of T. Mescinius Gelo

Wed, 21 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Province

Location

Location Description

An ancient city of Campania destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79, Pompeii was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

Sublocation

Region VIII

Insula

Insula IV

Keywords

tablina AAT:300004180

Garden Description

What was formerly a garden with a pool was converted into a large open area (a) by the demolition of some walls to the rear of the tablinium. Significant remnants of woolen and linen cloth were recovered from the area when it was excavated in 1860-1861 and this led Fiorelli to believe that the Stabian Baths just across the street used this area to wash clothes and dry them in the open.

Plans

Plan of Region VIII Insula IV

Places

Excavation Dates

1860-1861

Bibliography

Breton, Pompeia, 3rd ed. p. 469 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Giornale degli scavi di Pompei (1861), pp. 103-104, 386 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Gli scavi di Pompei dal 1861 al 1872, p. 4 (worldcat)
Fiorelli, Descrizione di Pompei, p. 339 (worldcat)
Jashemski, Gardens, vol. II, pp. 212-213 (worldcat)
Lugebil, Bullettino dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica (1861), p. 237 (worldcat)
Niccolini, Le case ed i monumenti di Pompei designati e descritti, vol. 2, "Descr. gen," p. 67 (worldcat)